The first weeks of school are approaching for many, and some have already returned to the classrooms this month. Some kids have a harder time adjusting than others, whatever the reason. In an age where parents tend to hover (and thus are called "helicopters") and overprotect, there is still room for concern when it comes to your child's well-being.
This post originally appeared in 2009, at the site of my first gracious host, Spanitz Consulting, Inc. - www.spanitz.com - 888.SPANITZ - 888.772.6489. Please - stop in and visit.

It was simply eerie coincidence that I started reading Jodi Picoult's
Nineteen Minutes at about the same time I was a third of the way through
The Everything Parent's Guide to Dealing with Bullies.
In Picoult's novel, Peter's parents tell him to toughen up. Out of desperation, his mother even tells him she will punish him if he comes home one more time without his lunch box, which was the object Peter's tormentors focused on from his first day of school until it became passe to carry one.
Later in the novel, Peter is "caught" defending himself from a bully, and a teacher takes him and the bully to the office where Peter is reprimanded and punished. The bully goes free - the teacher didn't see his misbehavior.
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Peter is humiliated in cyberspace, in person, verbally and physically - all because he doesn't fit the other students' vision of what cool and acceptable kids should be. The adults in the novel are utterly clueless as to the torture Peter goes through.
Picoult's novel deals with more than the bully issue, because in typical fashion, her novels are like that multi-layered onion: the more you peel, the more layers you find. But, Picoult's novel identifies many of the key points that the Dealing with Bullies book explains.
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The Everything Parent's Guide to Dealing with Bullies, while it is 289 pages including indices, is still a quick read. Do not equate "quick" with "easy," however. There is lots to absorb.
The information is presented concisely, cleanly, and compactly on the page, each chapter being devoted to a specific issue dealing with the topic of bullies.
Briefly, the chapters outline definitions of bullying - myths and truths and also:
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- types of bullying and bullies
- characteristics of a bully
- characteristics of the bullied
- warning signs your child is being bullied
- the differences and similarities between boy bullies and girl bullies
- bullying children with special needs
as well as other topics, such as how to help your bullied child, working with schools, and zero tolerance policies.
The reader could easily select the topic they need information about and come away with comprehensive detail, or read the book as a whole.
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Many of us are already familiar with some of the issues involving bullying in schools, either because we've been on the receiving end of such treatment, administered it ourselves, or observed it happening to others.
Many of us are familiar with some of the typical responses regarding the issue of bullying:
- "We don't allow it, we're on top of it." - school administration
- "Toughen up! Sticks and stones...names will never hurt me..." - parents and other well-meaning adults
- "Bullies only bully because they don't feel good about themselves." - general myth
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- "Boys will be boys!" - generally followed by indulgent chuckles - another myth
- "It's part of growing up, everyone has to deal with it." - parents and other well-meaning adults
All of us could relate incidents that happened throughout our school years about bullies and the bullied. If you're not sure though, if your own children are being bullied, here are the key things to look for, according to the Guide (60-61):
- doesn't want to go to school
- "accidentally" misses the bus frequently
- complains of stomach aches in the morning
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- grades suddenly drop, without explanation
- loses belongings or they come home broken
- asks for more and more lunch money
- has nightmares or becomes withdrawn
- comes home with mysterious cuts and bruises
- wants to drop out of after-school activities or sports
- talks about or attempts suicide
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The Guide cautions that this is not an all-inclusive list, and that some things must be considered based on how your child normally is. For example, if your child is not one who typically loses or breaks his things but suddenly (like Peter, in Picoult's novel) has gone through several lunch boxes in as many weeks, this should be a clue that there is a problem.
Your child may also be more stressed than usual, and develop nervous habits like nail biting (112), or suffer emotionally: becoming depressed, distressed, and irritable (113), and verbally beat himself up - "I'm an idiot, a loser, I suck" (114).
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One response to bullying that always pops up from children as well as adults is, "If I tell, it will only make it worse."
I can't really disprove this, because any of us could cite examples of how our parent went to the principal or the teacher or the bus driver and demanded attention to the problem just to have the bully focus even more intently on his/her victim, and to get no response from administration. I recall my dad and a neighbor boy's dad videotaping the bus stop bully picking on the neighbor boy and my brothers. They showed the tape to the school principal, who shrugged and did nothing about the bully's behavior. Nothing, that is, until my brothers and the neighbor boy picked back. Guess who got suspended from school? Not the bully.
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But, there have been other cases, if the situation is handled right, when the bullying has stopped. It seems magical, I know, but perhaps in those few instances, some of what is described in The Guide was already in place:
The school has simple, clear rules about bullying behavior and will enforce those rules (183).
The school may or may not have a zero-tolerance policy - but, The Guide points out, those rarely work because what might be considered a mild offense (pulling a chair out from beneath someone, for example) might not be deemed serious enough for suspension or expulsion - as might a physical beating, for example, especially if the mild offense was a first-time offense.
The first-time, mild offenses typically leave the victims hesitant to report the bullying incident, and leaves teachers and administrators hesitant to follow through with the zero-tolerance policy. The punishment seems far too severe for the crime.
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But, The Guide points out, as long as there is an atmosphere of permission that bullying is ok, it will continue. And much bullying is done "below the radar" of the adults who have the power to start putting an end to it.
Schools need to be aware of trouble zones where bullying can take place. Bathrooms, isolated parts of a classroom or building, hallways and stairwells, parking lots, playgrounds - all contain places where bullies can focus on their victims with very little fear of retribution.
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For instance, at my child's school, there is a beautiful play set with multiple slides, walkways, climbing apparatus and platforms. It's a big draw for many of the children at recess time, with many places to play. And of course, with so much activity happening all at once, sometimes the bullying can happen in plain view and be construed as accidental. My son just informed me this summer that, as he was sitting on the ledge of an upper platform on this play set, another student came from behind and kicked him off, sending him to the sandy ground, below - and the other student laughed the whole time.
Did you tell a playground aide about this, I asked. Yes, he said, and the aide wanted to help me but I didn't know who had kicked me. Well, this happened in kindergarten and my son is entering second grade this year. I am angry and sad that I didn't know of this sooner.
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And as is often typical, there are bystanders who witness the bullying - but they are hesitant to stand up for the victim, or report the bullying to an adult.
Children with special needs have other issues with bullying. For instance, a special needs child may not understand that he/she is being taunted and bullied (217). If you are the parent of a special needs child, you can request a Section 504 or IEP meeting and request that your child's curriculum include anti-bullying education and social-skills training (219).
What?
Social-skills training?
Why should my child have to change just because someone else doesn't like how he or she is?
That is not the point of social-skills training, which is something that can be beneficial for all children, whether or not they are special needs. Learning and practicing social skills, from something as basic as saying hello and making conversation to being aware of their body language (posture, facial expressions, etc) can help a child gain confidence and awareness and become less of a target for bullying behavior. All parents should reference the chapter "Social Skills and Assertiveness Traning."

Most of us know the types of bullying: name calling, taunting, swearing, spreading rumors, gossip, insulting nicknames, mocking, sexual bullying, threats, cyber bullying. It all adds up to three basic categories: Physical aggression; Social; Relational; Emotional.
A new category has recently been included, and that is
Food-Allergy Taunts (220). Eating peanut butter and then chasing the deathly allergic child in order to make physical contact with him or her is definitely bullying behavior, not to mention potentially life-threatening.
In all, The Everything Parent's Guide to Dealing with Bullies offers a comprehensive guide to identify bullies, types of bullying, identify children who are likely to be bullied, and what to do about it.
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There are chapters on how to help your child not be bullied (social skills and assertiveness) and what you can do if your child is the bully. There are chapters about how to handle the situation at the school level, and what you can do if the situation is not resolved satisfactorily.
What kinds of anti-bullying education work best? It's in the book. And, the education shouldn't be a one-time, start of the school year thing, either.
Bullying is about power. You have bullying when you have an imbalance of power, the intent to harm, and the threat of further harm (8). It doesn't matter if the bullying is done by one person or by many - it is still bullying. It doesn't matter if the bully is in preschool or a sophomore in college: it is still bullying. It doesn't matter if the bully is a boy or a girl, is smaller or bigger than the victim: it is still bullying.
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No school is completely bully-free, but if parents and educators have the right tools and information, and are willing to collaborate, all of our kids can feel a little safer during their school days.
Oh, and parents? When your child comes to you and says something happened, document, document, and document again. (
Even if you aren't sure it *really* happened, still - take note of it. 8/2010)
I feel that every school district should invest in copies of
The Everything Parent's Guide to Dealing with Bullies , and spend quality time re-evaluating their anti-bullying polices for effectiveness. This takes time and money, I realize - and until this can happen, I strongly recommend that parents check out their own copy of the book (
and in a level-headed manner, read for information - not for "inflammation"! 8/2010).
The Everything Parent's Guide to Dealing with Bullies
Deborah Carpenter, with Christopher J. Ferguson, PhD
2009, F+W Media, Inc./Adams Media
ISBN 10: 1-60550-054-2
ISBN 13: 978-1-60550-054-6
$14.95
Nineteen Minutes
Jodi Picoult
2007 Simon & Schuster/Washington Square Press
ISBN 13: 978-0-8424-9673-5
ISBN 10: 0-8424-9673-6
$16.00
Bullying Awareness Week is November 14 - 10, 2010.